Block Chain - Full Node

Full Node is a blockchain network participant that stores the entire blockchain and independently verifies all transactions and blocks according to protocol rules.

Core Explanation (Exam-Focused)

  1. Complete Ledger Storage
    Maintains a full copy of all blocks from the genesis block to the latest block.

  2. Independent Verification
    Validates transactions and blocks without trusting other nodes.

  3. Protocol Rule Enforcement
    Rejects invalid blocks or transactions that violate consensus rules.

  4. Network Security Role
    Strengthens decentralization and prevents fraud.

  5. Peer Communication
    Shares validated data with other nodes.

  6. No Mining Requirement
    A full node may validate without mining or staking.

Full Node vs Light Node

Aspect Full Node Light Node
Blockchain data Entire chain Partial data
Validation Full verification Relies on full nodes
Trust Trustless Semi-trusting
Resource usage High Low

Importance

  • Maintains blockchain integrity

  • Enables trustless verification

  • Supports decentralization

One-Line Definition (Exam Use)

A full node is a blockchain node that stores the complete ledger and independently verifies all transactions and blocks according to network rules.