Database develop. life cycle - Cost, scalability, support, security
| Factor | SQL (Relational) | NoSQL (Non-Relational) | NewSQL (Relational + Scalable) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cost | - Usually moderate to high for enterprise editions (Oracle, SQL Server).- Open-source options exist (PostgreSQL, MySQL) → low cost. | - Often lower software cost (MongoDB, Cassandra open-source).- Can incur higher infrastructure cost at scale due to distributed systems. | - Usually higher cost; newer technology, fewer vendors.- Cloud-managed solutions can be expensive but reduce admin overhead. |
| Scalability | - Vertical scaling (upgrade server resources).- Harder to scale horizontally. | - Designed for horizontal scaling across many servers.- Handles massive data and traffic efficiently. | - Horizontal scaling like NoSQL, but preserves ACID transactions.- Suited for global, distributed systems. |
| Support | - Mature ecosystem, excellent community and vendor support.- Extensive documentation, tools, and skilled developers. | - Good community support for popular DBs (MongoDB, Redis).- Enterprise support available but sometimes less mature than SQL. | - Limited vendor options and community support.- More specialized knowledge required. |
| Security | - Strong built-in security (roles, encryption, auditing).- ACID compliance ensures data integrity. | - Security depends on DB type and setup.- Some NoSQL DBs lack granular access control by default; needs careful configuration. | - Strong security like SQL databases.- Distributed design may require extra network/data protection measures. |
Key Takeaways
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SQL: Best for security, support, and structured data; moderate to high cost; limited horizontal scalability.
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NoSQL: Best for horizontal scaling and low cost at large scale; support and security vary by implementation.
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NewSQL: Combines SQL reliability + NoSQL scalability; higher cost; emerging technology with growing support.