Networking - Wide Area Network

WAN (Wide Area Network) 

  1. Definition:
    A WAN (Wide Area Network) connects computers and networks over large geographic areas, such as cities, countries, or even globally.

  2. Large Coverage:
    WANs can span thousands of kilometers, making them suitable for multinational companies and global communication.

  3. Examples:
    The Internet is the biggest example of a WAN. Other examples include bank networks, airline booking systems, and government networks.

  4. Connectivity:
    WAN connects multiple LANs (Local Area Networks) together using communication technologies like fiber optics, satellites, and leased lines.

  5. Lower Speed (compared to LAN):
    Because of long-distance data travel, WANs generally have slower speeds than LANs and may face latency (delay).

  6. Public and Private Ownership:
    WANs are often partially or fully owned by telecom companies or internet service providers (ISPs).

  7. High Cost:
    Building and maintaining a WAN is more expensive than a LAN due to infrastructure, hardware, and long-distance data transmission.

  8. Used for Communication:
    WANs are widely used for email, file sharing, video conferencing, and online applications across distances.

  9. Security Concerns:
    Since WANs often use public networks (like the internet), they are more vulnerable to cyber threats, so strong encryption and firewalls are necessary.

  10. Common Technologies Used:
    WANs use VPNs, MPLS, leased lines, 5G, and satellite links to transmit data securely and efficiently across locations.